【下载文档: python开发的小球完全弹性碰撞游戏代码.txt 】
python开发的小球完全弹性碰撞游戏代码
完成这个小球的完全弹性碰撞游戏灵感来自于：
下面是我花了一周下班时间所编写的一个小球完全弹性碰撞游戏：
游戏初始化状态：
最下面的游标和修改小球的移动速度
源码部分：
复制代码 代码如下:#python tkinter#python version 3.3.2
from tkinter import *
''' 判断 两个小球 { 圆心：A(x1,y1) 半径：r X轴速度：Vax Y轴速度：Vay 圆心：B(x2,y2) 半径：R X轴速度：Vbx Y轴速度：Vby } 碰撞的条件是： 1.两个小球的圆心距离不大于两小球半径之和(r+R)，即： { (x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 } 2.小球碰撞后，两小球的数度交换，即： { tempVax = Vax tempVay = Vay Vax = Vbx Vay = Vby Vbx = tempVax Vby = tempVay 或： Vax = Vax + Vbx Vbx = Vax - Vbx Vax = Vax - Vbx Vay = Vay + Vby Vby = Vay - Vby Vay = Vay - Vby }
游戏规则： 五小球在画布中移动，他们之间会产生碰撞，当然小球和上下左右都会产生碰撞 碰撞后，小球会改变方向返回 而最下面的游标则用于调节小球的移动速度，游标的范围是[-100, 100] 缺陷或BUG： 1.在修改游标数据从而改变小球移动速度的时候，小球移动的距离得不到及时的更新 导致小球可能会逃离画布 2.小球在运动的过程中，有时候也有可能逃离画布
总结： 完成这个游戏，花了一个星期的下班时间。在这个过程中不仅回去学习了高中的数学知识， 物理知识，很多东西都忘得差不多了，不过很快又学返回来了。 游戏其实很多就是数学问题。 游戏中还存在缺陷或BUG，希望志同道合者可以共同完善。'''
__author__ = {'author' : 'Hongten', 'Email' : 'hongtenzone@foxmail.com', 'Blog' : 'http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten/', 'Created' : '2013-09-28', 'Version' : '1.0'}
class Pong(Frame): def createWidgets(self): ## 画布 self.draw = Canvas(self, width="5i", height="5i", bg='white')
## 游标(控制小球移动速度，范围：[-100, 100]) self.speed = Scale(self, orient=HORIZONTAL, label="ball speed", from_=-100, to=100)
self.speed.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
#小球碰撞墙壁的范围 self.scaling_right = 4.8 self.scaling_left = 0.2 #小球直径 self.ball_d = 0.4 #游标度数 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() #放缩率 self.scaling = 100.0
#存放小球数组 self.balls = [] #存放小球x坐标数组 self.ball_x = [] #存放小球y坐标数组 self.ball_y = [] #存放小球x轴方向速度数组 self.ball_v_x = [] #存放小球y轴方向速度数组 self.ball_v_y = []
# 五个小球 self.ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.10i", "0.10i", "0.50i", "0.50i", fill="red") self.second_ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.70i", "0.70i", "1.10i", "1.10i", fill='black') self.three_ball = self.draw.create_oval("1.30i", "1.30i", "1.70i", "1.70i", fill='brown') self.four_ball = self.draw.create_oval("2.0i", "2.0i", "2.40i", "2.40i", fill='green') self.five_ball = self.draw.create_oval("3.0i", "3.0i", "3.40i", "3.40i", fill='gray')
#把五个小球放入数组 self.balls.append(self.ball) self.balls.append(self.second_ball) self.balls.append(self.three_ball) self.balls.append(self.four_ball) self.balls.append(self.five_ball)
#第一个小球，即self.ball的圆心坐标(self.x, self.y),这里进行了放缩,目的是为了 #在小球移动的过程中更加流畅 self.x = 0.3 self.y = 0.3 #第一个小球的速度方向 self.velocity_x = -0.2 self.velocity_y = 0.5
self.second_ball_x = 0.9 self.second_ball_y = 0.9 self.second_ball_v_x = 0.4 self.second_ball_v_y = -0.5
self.three_ball_x = 1.5 self.three_ball_y = 1.5 self.three_ball_v_x = -0.3 self.three_ball_v_y = -0.5
self.four_ball_x = 2.2 self.four_ball_y = 2.2 self.four_ball_v_x = 0.1 self.four_ball_v_y = -0.5
self.five_ball_x = 3.2 self.five_ball_y = 3.2 self.five_ball_v_x = 0.3 self.five_ball_v_y = 0.5
#更新小球的坐标 self.update_ball_x_y() self.draw.pack(side=LEFT)
def update_ball_x_y(self, *args): '''更新小球的坐标，即把各个小球的圆心坐标信息以及速度信息存放到数组中， 便于在后面循环遍历的时候使用。''' #第一个小球信息 self.ball_x.append(self.x) self.ball_y.append(self.y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.velocity_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.velocity_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.second_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.second_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.second_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.second_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.three_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.three_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.three_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.three_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.four_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.four_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.four_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.four_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.five_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.five_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.five_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.five_ball_v_y) def update_ball_velocity(self, index, *args): '''更新各个小球速度信息，即小球碰撞到四周和另外的小球索要更新的速度信息''' #游标值 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() #碰撞墙壁 if (self.ball_x[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_x[index] < self.scaling_left): self.ball_v_x[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_x[index] if (self.ball_y[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_y[index] < self.scaling_left): self.ball_v_y[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_y[index]
''' #TEST: for n in range(len(self.balls)): #print((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2) #print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2)) print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)) ''' for n in range(len(self.balls)): #小球碰撞条件，即：(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 if (round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)): #两小球速度交换 temp_vx = self.ball_v_x[index] temp_vy = self.ball_v_y[index] self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_x[n] = temp_vx self.ball_v_y[n] = temp_vy #print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) ''' #WRONG: for n in range(len(self.balls)): if (((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2) <= self.ball_d**2): #两小球速度交换 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] + self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_x[n] = self.ball_v_x[0] - self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] - self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] + self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_y[n] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) ''' def get_ball_deltax(self, index, *args): '''获取小球X轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心X坐标，返回X轴所需移动距离''' deltax = (self.ball_v_x[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) self.ball_x[index] = self.ball_x[index] + deltax return deltax
def get_ball_deltay(self, index, *args): '''获取小球Y轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心Y坐标，返回Y轴所需移动距离''' deltay = (self.ball_v_y[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) self.ball_y[index] = self.ball_y[index] + deltay return deltay def moveBall(self, *args): '''移动第一个小球，编号为：0,这是根据数组：self.balls确定的。''' self.update_ball_velocity(0) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(0) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(0) #小球移动 self.draw.move(self.ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.moveBall)
def move_second_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(1) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(1) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(1) self.draw.move(self.second_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_second_ball)
def move_three_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(2) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(2) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(2) self.draw.move(self.three_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_three_ball)
def move_four_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(3) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(3) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(3) self.draw.move(self.four_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_four_ball)
def move_five_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(4) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(4) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(4) self.draw.move(self.five_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_five_ball)
def __init__(self, master=None): '''初始化函数''' Frame.__init__(self, master) Pack.config(self) self.createWidgets() self.after(10, self.moveBall) self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) game = Pong()
game.mainloop()
===================================================
第二个版本 version.1.1： Edit by Hongten 2013-09-28 17:40
===================================================
修改记录：1.调整画布大小2.调整了小球的半径,以及小球的速度初始值，小球初始圆心坐标3.游标的范围修改为：[-200, 200]这些修改主要是针对上面的缺陷而进行的。
优点：1.小球移动的过程更直观2.小球的移动速度变小，但是可以根据游标来修改小球移动速度3.界面比之前更加友好
运行效果：
复制代码 代码如下:#python tkinter#python version 3.3.2
from tkinter import *
''' 判断 两个小球 { 圆心：A(x1,y1) 半径：r X轴速度：Vax Y轴速度：Vay 圆心：B(x2,y2) 半径：R X轴速度：Vbx Y轴速度：Vby } 碰撞的条件是： 1.两个小球的圆心距离不大于两小球半径之和(r+R)，即： { (x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 } 2.小球碰撞后，两小球的数度交换，即： { tempVax = Vax tempVay = Vay Vax = Vbx Vay = Vby Vbx = tempVax Vby = tempVay 或： Vax = Vax + Vbx Vbx = Vax - Vbx Vax = Vax - Vbx Vay = Vay + Vby Vby = Vay - Vby Vay = Vay - Vby }
游戏规则： 五小球在画布中移动，他们之间会产生碰撞，当然小球和上下左右都会产生碰撞 碰撞后，小球会改变方向返回 而最下面的游标则用于调节小球的移动速度，游标的范围是[-100, 100] 缺陷或BUG： 1.在修改游标数据从而改变小球移动速度的时候，小球移动的距离得不到及时的更新 导致小球可能会逃离画布 2.小球在运动的过程中，有时候也有可能逃离画布
总结： 完成这个游戏，花了一个星期的下班时间。在这个过程中不仅回去学习了高中的数学知识， 物理知识，很多东西都忘得差不多了，不过很快又学返回来了。 游戏其实很多就是数学问题。 游戏中还存在缺陷或BUG，希望志同道合者可以共同完善。
修改记录： 1.调整画布大小 2.调整了小球的半径,以及小球的速度初始值，小球初始圆心坐标 3.游标的范围修改为：[-200, 200] 这些修改主要是针对上面的缺陷而进行的。
优点： 1.小球移动的过程更直观 2.小球的移动速度变小，但是可以根据游标来修改小球移动速度 3.界面比之前更加友好'''
__author__ = {'author' : 'Hongten', 'Email' : 'hongtenzone@foxmail.com', 'Blog' : 'http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten/', 'Created' : '2013-09-28', 'Version' : '1.1'}
class Pong(Frame): def createWidgets(self): #放缩率 self.scaling = 100.0 #画布比例 self.canvas_width = 10 self.canvas_height = 5.6 ## 画布 self.draw = Canvas(self, width=(self.canvas_width * self.scaling), height=(self.canvas_height * self.scaling), bg='white')
## 游标(控制小球移动速度，范围：[-100, 100]) self.speed = Scale(self, orient=HORIZONTAL, label="ball speed", from_=-200, to=200) self.speed.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
#小球直径 self.ball_d = 1.0 #小球碰撞墙壁的范围 self.scaling_left = round(self.ball_d / 2, 1) self.scaling_right = self.canvas_width - self.scaling_left self.scaling_bottom = self.canvas_height - self.scaling_left self.scaling_top = self.scaling_left #游标度数 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() * 0.1 #存放小球数组 self.balls = [] #存放小球x坐标数组 self.ball_x = [] #存放小球y坐标数组 self.ball_y = [] #存放小球x轴方向速度数组 self.ball_v_x = [] #存放小球y轴方向速度数组 self.ball_v_y = []
# 五个小球 self.ball = self.draw.create_oval("0.60i", "0.60i", "1.60i", "1.60i", fill="red") self.second_ball = self.draw.create_oval("2.0i", "2.0i", "3.0i", "3.0i", fill='black') self.three_ball = self.draw.create_oval("4.0i", "4.0i", "5.0i", "5.0i", fill='brown') self.four_ball = self.draw.create_oval("6.0i", "2.0i", "7.0i", "3.0i", fill='green') self.five_ball = self.draw.create_oval("8.0i", "3.0i", "9.0i", "4.0i", fill='gray')
#把五个小球放入数组 self.balls.append(self.ball) self.balls.append(self.second_ball) self.balls.append(self.three_ball) self.balls.append(self.four_ball) self.balls.append(self.five_ball)
#第一个小球，即self.ball的圆心坐标(self.x, self.y),这里进行了放缩,目的是为了 #在小球移动的过程中更加流畅 self.x = 1.1 self.y = 1.1 #第一个小球的速度方向 self.velocity_x = -0.2 self.velocity_y = 0.1
self.second_ball_x = 2.5 self.second_ball_y = 2.5 self.second_ball_v_x = 0.1 self.second_ball_v_y = -0.2
self.three_ball_x = 4.5 self.three_ball_y = 4.5 self.three_ball_v_x = -0.1 self.three_ball_v_y = -0.2
self.four_ball_x = 6.5 self.four_ball_y = 2.5 self.four_ball_v_x = 0.1 self.four_ball_v_y = -0.2
self.five_ball_x = 8.5 self.five_ball_y = 3.5 self.five_ball_v_x = 0.1 self.five_ball_v_y = 0.2
#更新小球的坐标 self.update_ball_x_y() self.draw.pack(side=LEFT)
def update_ball_x_y(self, *args): '''更新小球的坐标，即把各个小球的圆心坐标信息以及速度信息存放到数组中， 便于在后面循环遍历的时候使用。''' #第一个小球信息 self.ball_x.append(self.x) self.ball_y.append(self.y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.velocity_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.velocity_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.second_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.second_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.second_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.second_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.three_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.three_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.three_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.three_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.four_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.four_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.four_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.four_ball_v_y)
self.ball_x.append(self.five_ball_x) self.ball_y.append(self.five_ball_y) self.ball_v_x.append(self.five_ball_v_x) self.ball_v_y.append(self.five_ball_v_y) def update_ball_velocity(self, index, *args): '''更新各个小球速度信息，即小球碰撞到四周和另外的小球索要更新的速度信息''' #游标值 self.scale_value = self.speed.get() * 0.1 #碰撞墙壁 if (self.ball_x[index] > self.scaling_right) or (self.ball_x[index] < self.scaling_left): self.ball_v_x[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_x[index] if (self.ball_y[index] > self.scaling_bottom) or (self.ball_y[index] < self.scaling_top): self.ball_v_y[index] = -1.0 * self.ball_v_y[index]
''' #TEST: for n in range(len(self.balls)): #print((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2) #print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2)) print(round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)) ''' for n in range(len(self.balls)): #小球碰撞条件，即：(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2 <= (r + R)^2 if (round((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2, 2) <= round(self.ball_d**2, 2)): #两小球速度交换 temp_vx = self.ball_v_x[index] temp_vy = self.ball_v_y[index] self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_x[n] = temp_vx self.ball_v_y[n] = temp_vy #print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) ''' #WRONG: for n in range(len(self.balls)): if (((self.ball_x[index] - self.ball_x[n])**2 + (self.ball_y[index] - self.ball_y[n])**2) <= self.ball_d**2): #两小球速度交换 self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] + self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_x[n] = self.ball_v_x[0] - self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_x[index] = self.ball_v_x[index] - self.ball_v_x[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] + self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_y[n] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] self.ball_v_y[index] = self.ball_v_y[index] - self.ball_v_y[n] print(self.ball_v_x, self.ball_v_y) ''' def get_ball_deltax(self, index, *args): '''获取小球X轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心X坐标，返回X轴所需移动距离''' deltax = (self.ball_v_x[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) self.ball_x[index] = self.ball_x[index] + deltax return deltax
def get_ball_deltay(self, index, *args): '''获取小球Y轴坐标移动距离并且更新小球的圆心Y坐标，返回Y轴所需移动距离''' deltay = (self.ball_v_y[index] * self.scale_value / self.scaling) self.ball_y[index] = self.ball_y[index] + deltay return deltay def moveBall(self, *args): '''移动第一个小球，编号为：0,这是根据数组：self.balls确定的。''' self.update_ball_velocity(0) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(0) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(0) #小球移动 self.draw.move(self.ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.moveBall)
def move_second_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(1) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(1) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(1) self.draw.move(self.second_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_second_ball)
def move_three_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(2) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(2) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(2) self.draw.move(self.three_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_three_ball)
def move_four_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(3) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(3) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(3) self.draw.move(self.four_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_four_ball)
def move_five_ball(self, *args): self.update_ball_velocity(4) deltax = self.get_ball_deltax(4) deltay = self.get_ball_deltay(4) self.draw.move(self.five_ball, "%ri" % deltax, "%ri" % deltay) self.after(10, self.move_five_ball)
def __init__(self, master=None): '''初始化函数''' Frame.__init__(self, master) Pack.config(self) self.createWidgets() self.after(10, self.moveBall) self.after(10, self.move_three_ball) self.after(10, self.move_four_ball) self.after(10, self.move_five_ball) self.after(10, self.move_second_ball) game = Pong()
game.mainloop()
源码下载：python_tkinter_pong(zwyuanma.com).rar
