利用PHP如何统计Nginx日志的User Agent数据


						前言

即将用到爬虫，于是打算收集一下User Agent(UA)数据。接着马上想到自己网站的访问日志不就是现成的优质数据源吗？于是愉快的决定写个脚本统计一下Nginx访问日志中的UA信息。

这类简单操作，用脚本语言就足够，毫无疑问肯定要用最熟悉的PHP。打开vim就开撸，十几分钟下来，功能简单的统计脚本就搞定了。

脚本目前有三个功能：

1. 找出所有的UA信息并排序； 2. 统计操作系统数据； 3. 统计浏览器数据。

程序运行截图如下：

1、UA信息



2、操作系统信息



3、浏览器



用脚本统计最近一个月的访问日志，得到以下结果：



  搜索引擎爬虫比较频繁，每天有好几千次数据访问；

  Windows仍是份额最大的操作系统，Linux桌面依然份额很小；

  Chrome目前是浏览器领域的霸主，其次是Firefox，Opera已经很小众了。



最后附上PHP脚本的代码，也可以从本人的Github里找到：http://github.com/tlanyan/Scripts/blob/master/statUA.php





#!/usr/bin/php

<?php

/**

 * @brief stat UA in access log

 *

 * @author tlanyan<tlanyan@hotmail.com>

 * @link http://tlanyan.me

 */

/* vim: set ts=4; set sw=4; set ss=4; set expandtab; */

function getFileList(string $path) : array {

 return glob(rtrim($path, "/") . "/*access.log*");

}

function statFiles(array $files) : array {

 $stat = [];

 echo PHP_EOL, "start to read files...", PHP_EOL;

 foreach ($files as $file) {

  echo "read file: $file ...", PHP_EOL;

  $contents = getFileContent($file);

  foreach ($contents as $line) {

   $ua = getUA($line);

   if (isset($stat[$ua])) {

    $stat[$ua] += 1;

   } else {

    $stat[$ua] = 1;

   }

  }

 }

 echo "stat all files done!", PHP_EOL, PHP_EOL;

 return $stat;

}

function getFileContent(string $file) : array {

 if (substr($file, -3, 3) === ".gz") {

  return gzfile($file);

 }

 return file($file);

}

function getUA(string $line) : ?string {

 // important! Nginx log format determins the UA location in the line!

 // You may have to refactor following codes to get the right result

 // UA starts from fifth double quote 

 $count = 0; $offset = 0;

 while ($count < 5) {

  $pos = strpos($line, '"', $offset);

  if ($pos === false) {

   echo "Error! Unknown line: $line", PHP_EOL;

   return null;

  }

  $count ++;

  $offset = $pos + 1;

 }

 $end = strpos($line, '"', $offset);

 return substr($line, $offset, $end - $offset);

}

function usage() {

 echo "Usage: php statUA.php [option] [dir]", PHP_EOL;

 echo " options:", PHP_EOL;

 echo " -h: show this help", PHP_EOL;

 echo " -v: verbose mode", PHP_EOL;

 echo "-n NUM: UA list number", PHP_EOL;

 echo " dir: directory to the log files", PHP_EOL;

 echo PHP_EOL;

}

function filterUA(array& $stat, array $UAFilters) {

 $filterCount = 0;

 foreach ($UAFilters as $filter) {

  foreach ($stat as $ua => $count) {

   if (stripos($ua, $filter) !== false) {

    $filterCount += $count;

    unset($stat[$ua]);

   }

  }

 }

 echo "filter $filterCount records!", PHP_EOL;

}

function printCount(array $stat) {

 $sum = array_sum($stat);

 foreach ($stat as $key => $count) {

  echo $key, " : ", $count, ", percent: ", sprintf("%.2f", 100*$count/$sum), PHP_EOL;

 }

}

function statOS(array $UAs) : array {

 global $debug;

 echo PHP_EOL, "stat OS...", PHP_EOL;

 $os = ["Windows", "MacOS", "Linux", "Android", "iOS", "other"];

 $stat = array_fill_keys($os, 0);

 foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) {

  if (strpos($key, "Windows") !== false) {

   $stat["Windows"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "Macintosh") !== false) {

   $stat["MacOS"] += $count;

  // must deal Android first, then Linux

  } else if (strpos($key, "Android") !== false) {

   $stat["Android"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "Linux") !== false) {

   $stat["Linux"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "iPhone") !== false || strpos($key, "iOS") !== false || strpos($key, "like Mac OS") !== false || strpos($key, "Darwin") !== false) {

   $stat["iOS"] += $count;

  } else {

   if ($debug) {

    echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL;

   }

   $stat["other"] += $count;

  }

 }

 return $stat;

}

function statBrowser(array $UAs) : array {

 global $debug;

 echo PHP_EOL, "stat brwoser...", PHP_EOL;

 $browsers = ["Chrome", "Firefox", "IE", "Safari", "Edge", "Opera", "other"];

 $stat = array_fill_keys($browsers, 0);

 foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) {

  if (strpos($key, "MSIE") !== false) {

   $stat["IE"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "Edge") !== false) {

   $stat["Edge"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "Firefox") !== false) {

   $stat["Firefox"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "OPR") !== false) {

   $stat["Opera"] += $count;

  // first Chrome, then Safari

  } else if (strpos($key, "Chrome") !== false) {

   $stat["Chrome"] += $count;

  } else if (strpos($key, "Safari") !== false) {

   $stat["Safari"] += $count;

  } else {

   if ($debug) {

    echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL;

   }

   $stat["other"] += $count;

  }

 }

 return $stat;

}

function parseCmd() {

 global $debug, $num, $path, $argc, $argv;

 $optind = null;

 $options = getopt("hvn:", [], $optind);

 if ($argc > 2 && empty($options)) {

  usage();

  exit(1);

 }

 if (isset($options['h'])) {

  usage();

  exit(0);

 }

 if (isset($options['v'])) {

  $debug = true;

 }

 if (isset($options['n'])) {

  $num = intval($options['n']);

  if ($num <= 0) {

   $num = 10;

  }

 }

 if ($argc === 2 && empty($options)) {

  $path = $argv[1];

 }

 if ($argc > $optind) {

  $path = $argv[$optind];

 }

 if (!is_dir($path)) {

  echo "invalid directory: $path", PHP_EOL;

  exit(1);

 }

 if ($debug) {

  echo "num: $num", PHP_EOL;

  echo "verbose: ", var_export($debug, true), PHP_EOL;

  echo "path: $path", PHP_EOL;

 }

}

if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, "7.1") < 0) {

 exit("scripts require PHP >=7.1");

}

$path = ".";

$debug = false;

$num = 10;

$UAFilters = [

 "spider",

 "bot",

 "wget",

 "curl",

];

parseCmd();

$files = getFileList($path);

if (empty($files)) {

 echo '"' . realpath($path) . '" does not contain access log files.', PHP_EOL;

 exit(0);

}

$allUA = statFiles($files);

if (empty($allUA)) {

 echo "no data", PHP_EOL;

 exit(0);

}

filterUA($allUA, $UAFilters);

// sort array with count

uasort($allUA, function ($a, $b) {

 return $b - $a;

});

if ($debug) {

 print_r($allUA);

}

echo PHP_EOL, "---- top $num UA ----", PHP_EOL;

printCount(array_slice($allUA, 0, $num));

echo "-------------------", PHP_EOL;

$os = statOS($allUA);

echo PHP_EOL, "os count:", PHP_EOL;

printCount($os);

$browser = statBrowser($allUA);

echo PHP_EOL, "browser count:", PHP_EOL;

printCount($browser);



总结

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