python中使用urllib2伪造HTTP报头的2个方法


            在采集网页信息的时候，经常需要伪造报头来实现采集脚本的有效执行

下面，我们将使用urllib2的header部分伪造报头来实现采集信息

方法1、







#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#encoding=utf-8

#Filename:urllib2-header.py

 

import urllib2

import sys

 

#抓取网页内容-发送报头-1

url= "//www.zwyuanma.com"

send_headers = {

 'Host':'www.zwyuanma.com',

 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0',

 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',

 'Connection':'keep-alive'

}

 

req = urllib2.Request(url,headers=send_headers)

r = urllib2.urlopen(req)

 

html = r.read()        #返回网页内容

receive_header = r.info()     #返回的报头信息

 

# sys.getfilesystemencoding() 

html = html.decode('utf-8','replace').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding()) #转码:避免输出出现乱码 

 

print receive_header

# print '####################################'

print html





方法2、







#!/usr/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#encoding=utf-8

#Filename:urllib2-header.py

 

import urllib2

import sys

 

url = '//www.zwyuanma.com'

 

req = urllib2.Request(url)

req.add_header('Referer','//www.zwyuanma.com/')

req.add_header('User-Agent','Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0')

r = urllib2.urlopen(req)

 

html = r.read()

receive_header = r.info()

 

html = html.decode('utf-8').encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())

 

print receive_header

print '#####################################'

print html