Django项目开发中cookies和session的常用操作分析


            本文实例讲述了Django项目开发中cookies和session的常用操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

COOKIES操作

检查cookies是否存在:





request.COOKIES.has_key('<cookie_name>')





获取cookies:





request.COOKIES.get('visits', '1')

if 'last_visit' in request.COOKIES:

 request.COOKIES['last_visit']







设置cookies:





response.set_cookie('<cookie_name>', value)







SESSION操作

获取session:





fav_color = request.session.get('fav_color', 'red')

fav_color = request.session['fav_color']







设置session:





request.session['visits'] = visits







删除session:





del request.session['fav_color']



如果给出的key 在会话中不存在，将抛出 KeyError。

判断包含session:





'fav_color' in request.session



清除session数据库





python manage.py clearsessions



附：Django基于自定义cookies 的登录，注册，退出功能示例：





#注册

def regist(req):

  if req.method == 'POST':

    uf = UserForm(req.POST)

    if uf.is_valid():

      #获得表单数据

      username = uf.cleaned_data['username']

      password = uf.cleaned_data['password']

      #添加到数据库

      User.objects.create(username= username,password=password)

      return HttpResponse('regist success!!')

  else:

    uf = UserForm()

  return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf}, context_instance=RequestContext(req))

#登陆

def login(req):

  if req.method == 'POST':

    uf = UserForm(req.POST)

    if uf.is_valid():

      #获取表单用户密码

      username = uf.cleaned_data['username']

      password = uf.cleaned_data['password']

      #获取的表单数据与数据库进行比较

      user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password)

      if user:

        #比较成功，跳转index

        response = HttpResponseRedirect('/online/index/')

        #将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600

        response.set_cookie('username',username,3600)

        return response

      else:

        #比较失败，还在login

        return HttpResponseRedirect('/online/login/')

  else:

    uf = UserForm()

  return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf},context_instance=RequestContext(req))

#登陆成功

def index(req):

  username = req.COOKIES.get('username','')

  return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username})

#退出

def logout(req):

  response = HttpResponse('logout !!')

  #清理cookie里保存username

  response.delete_cookie('username')

  return response



希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。